The vine (Vitis L.) is a genus of shrubs of the family Vitaceae. The grapes of Vitis labrusca
, and its hybrids with Vitis vinifera, and it can be vinified wines are like strawberries (strawberry flavored) or Clinton, who until a few years ago were local products of the North-East Italy. The correction of these characteristics on the one hand with practice procedures which seek to limit how far as possible, and later with additions such as zuccheratura (addition of sugar or molasses) or other markers and additives, not provided for vinifera . On the other hand, the same United States and Australia are clearly different between their high quality wines originating from grapes of Vitis vinifera, which are among the largest producers worldwide, and wines produced from vines marginally native American or hybrid. Nevertheless, in special trading conditions in the absence of reasonable alternatives to the climate, the Americans or the hybrid varieties are grown for wine making with some success in several countries like the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Switzerland. In Switzerland, given the natural resistance of different species or hybrids of vinifera pest (especially cryptogams) went on the climate, the vines interspecific hybrids Americans or American vines, the vines have become the home to agriculture organic farming; between the screw and a plant to grow that tree climber clings to the supports (braces) by the tendrils, and if the plant is not pruned can reach great heights clinging to trees, has a well developed root system, which can overcome the 10-meter drum is divided into lunghezza.Il strain (few decimentri immediately above the ground), under the branches (the first branches that radiate from the trunk) and branches that are branches of one or two years.The leaves , these vines, palminervie, alternatives are simple and consist of five main lobes more or less blended with heart-shaped at the base. I am an important diagnostic character for the recognition of varieties cultivation of the vine (Vitis vinifera sativa). The flowers are very small, greenish flowers and clustered in a raceme. The wild vine is dioecious (ie, with unisexual flowers taken from different individuals), the cultivated varieties have been selected to bring flowers hermaphrodite. The flowers have both calyx and corolla of 5 pieces. The chalice, after fertilization, can remain in the fruit, forming a rim around the pedicel of each berry. The petals of the corolla are welded at the top. The gynoecium consists of two carpels leads and 4 eggs. The stamens are 5 alternating with nectar.
The fruits are berries (grapes) in shape and vary in color: white, yellow, purple or blacks, grouped in clusters. Have an often pruinose exocarp (peel), mesocarp cell filled with a juice from which we get the must (pulp) and an endocarp composed of a layer of cells enclosing loggias containing the seeds (pips).
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